- The Betson-Engel 2001 economic study was republished in 2001 by David M. Betson using updated CES data.
- Study was called “Appendix I: New Estimates of Child‐Rearing Costs” in PSI, State of Oregon Child Support Guidelines Review: Updated Obligation Scales and Other Considerations, Report to State of Oregon”, Policy Studies Inc., Denver, Colorado.
- Unlike the 1990 and 2001 studies, Engel estimator was not used.
- Besides using updated data (1999-2004 CES Data), there were no other changes.
- It used the Per Capita Method and Indirect Cost Proxy for Total Cost.
- Primarily used in conjunction with Income Shares.
- As a proportion of total household expenditures, child rearing expenditures are 32% for one child, 46% for two children, 58% for three children.